Wilhelm e



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KONRAD W. JURISOH AND JOHN H. LEWIS, OF WIDNES, ENGLAND, AND WILHELM It. PROELL AND CARL J. SGHAROWSKY, OF DRESDEN,

SAXONY.

INJECTOR-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 233,354, dated October 19, 1880.

Application filed July 8, 1880. (80 model.)

To all whom it may concern Beit known that we, Dr. KONRAD WILHELM JURISGH ahd JOHN HENRY LEWIS, both of Widnes, England, and Dr. WILHELM RU- DOLPH PROELL and CARL J OSEPH SoHARow- SKY, both of Dresden, Saxony, have invented an Improved System of Steam Engines in which a partialreutilization 0f the waste steam takes place, of which the followingis a specification.

Our invention relates to a system of steamengines in which the waste steam is partly returned to the steam-boiler from which the engine is supplied, such return being effected by means of an injector or other apparatus adapted for the purpose, and worked by steam from a hi gh-pressure boiler.

This system is represented on the annexed sheet of drawing's by Figure 1, whereas Fig. 2 shows an auxiliary part.

A is the high-pressure boiler, in which the steam is generated for working the engine 1) as well as the injector Z. ,The engine is, however, not supplied directly from this boiler, but from a boiler, B, connected in a special manner with the former, and containing steam which is maintained ata lower pressure than the steam .in A. i The steam from B passes by pipe I into the cylinder 1), and, after having acted within the same in the ordinary manner, it is exhausted into the reservoir S. From the latter the injector (or steam-jet apparatus) Z, worked by steam from A, draws a part of the exhaustst-eam and delivers it, together with the steam from A, into the boiler B, the remaining portion of exhaust-steam passing off from S by the valve 1) into the outer air or into a condenser.

The high-pressure boiler is, by preference, a sectional or tubular safety-boiler; but instead of such, a boiler of other construction adapted to sustain a high pressure may be used.

The boiler B, in which the steam is maintained at an ordinary pressure of, for instance, from four to six atmospheres, is or maybe heated by the combustion-gases from boiler A,

I which can be condirctcd either around the said The reservoir S is provided with two valves, a and b. Theformer allows the steam to pass into the suction-pipe t of the injector Z and prevents any accidental access of high-pressure steam into the reservoir. The valve 1) serves to regulate the pressure in S, and has therefore to be loaded to the degree of pressure required, which, according as the engine is provided with a condenser or not, is kept at a fractional part of an atmosphere, or somewhat above the atmospheric pressure.

For the purpose of utilizing the heat given off by the walls of the said reservoir, the same may be fitted with a water-jacket, in which the feed-water supplied by pump M is heated, this water being thereupon conducted to boiler A by pipe R; or the reservoir may be covered by a clothing of bad conductors of heat.

The feed-water, when not circulating through the jacket of the reservoir, may be heated by a special'apparatus, K, Fig. 2, into which the steam passing off from S is directed.

Theinjector Z has to be regulated byits cocks c and d, or by any other suitable device, in such a manner that the amount of steam supplied bypipe H, together with the steam which may be generated in B is, as nearly as possible, equal to the quantity consumed by the engine. The evaporation in B is, however, of entirely subordinate importance as long as the supply from A and S balances the consumption in the engine; but whenever variations in the supply or in the expenditure of steam occur, and in consequence thereof the pressure in B decreases or increases, the large quantity of water in this boiler (which is of a temperature corresponding with the normal working pressure) serves in the one case to make up for the deficiency by generating an additional quantity of steam under the decreased pressure, or in the other case by condensing the surplus quantity, which is of a temperature above the mean. For contributing to the regulation of the steam-pressure in B this boiler may, however, be provided with suitable armatures, such as a self-acting apparatus operated upon by the steam-pressure, and serving to regulate the valve 0. Moreover, the steam-spaces of the two boilers may be connected with each other by a pipe, in which a pressure-regulator is inserted for allowing steam to pass from A into B whenever the pressure in B becomes too low.

Considering that in the ordinary course of working the evaporation in B is insignificant, and that, besides, a certain quantity of water is almost invariably carried over with the steam from A, the boiler B does not require to be regularly supplied with feed-water; but to make up for any lack acommunication may be established between the water-spaces of the two boilers by a pipe, it, having a cock or a valve, T, fitted to it for the purpose of regulating the amount of water which is to pass from A to B.

If it should be preferred, the feed-water may first be introduced into the boiler B, and thence forced by a special pump into it.

When the described system is to be applied to engines with intermittent motion, such as direct-acting pumping engines, the injector should be provided with a suitable contrivance for causing it to operate during the actual working periods of the engine only.

The following considerations will show the advantages of our invention: When steam of very high pressure, such as may be generated in a so-called safety-boiler, is utilized directly and expansively in a steam-engine, the heat of the steam decomposes the lubricating material and burns the packings, in consequence whereof the wear on the cylinder, the pistou,and other parts is excessive, and leakage of the stuffing-boxes, &c., unavoidable.

. Moreover, the strength of the parts of the engine having to be in proportion to the initial pressure of the steam, the whole engine becomes very heavy and bulky.

In an engine of our system the high-pressure steam is utilized quite as efliciently as in an expanding steam-engine. The work which the steam from boilerA has to perform in drawing waste steam from the reservoir S is fully compensated by the increase in the quantity of operative steam thus obtained, which increase is in proportion to the difl'erence of pressure in A and B, (supposing all other conditions to be alike.) The system consequently allows the full advantages to be realized which the use of high-pressure steam presents with regard to consumption of fuel, but without being subject to the inconveniences connected with the direct introduction of such steam into the cylinder. The system also presents advantages with regard to security against danger from explosion otherwise connected with high-pressure boilers sufficiently capacious to contain the quantity of steam and water required for a uniform working of the engine.

The boiler A, when belonging to the class of boilers called sectional or tubular safetyboilers, is secure by its construction, whereas the boiler B, whose contents of water and steam is to compensate for the unavoidable deficiency in A, is neither exposed to a high pressure nor to any material wear by the mode of heating the same.

If it should be preferred, the injector may be replaced by any other apparatus adapted to draw waste steam from S and to deliver itinto B,and which is worked by steam issuing from A and exhausting into B.

Athough for the system of engine described only a part of the waste steam can be reutilized, the entire quantity exhausted from the cylinder D may nevertheless be returned to the boiler B in case a part of the steam from the latter is employed for other purposes.

Instead of combining together but one boiler of either class with a single steam-cylinder, and with one injector or other equivalent a'pparatus and one steam-reservoir, two or more of any or all of these parts may be used, and the different cylinders may belong to one or to different engines. For certain purposesas, for instance, in locomotiVe-engines-it may also be advantageous to combine-a high and a low pressure boiler in one construction.

The described invention is an improvement upon a former invention for which patents were granted to two of us-namely, to K. W. J urisch and J. H. Lewis-in England, on the 14th September, 1877, and in Germany on the 4th January, 1878, the present improvement consisting, essentially, in the introduction of the reservoir S, and also in the application of the injector Z, or any other equivalent device, instead of the steam-compressing cylinder of the former invention. By using the said reservoir, into which the engine exhausts, an automatic and more uniform regulation of the pressure of the waste steam from D is obtained than by the former arrangement, which requires a special and very complicated construction of slide-valve for causing a part of the steam from D to pass directly into the steam-compressing cylinder and partly into the outer air or a condenser.

We claim as our invention-- The combination of the high-pressure steamgenerator A, the low-pressure boiler B, cylinder D, reservoir S, and injector Z, the generator and receiver being connected directly to the boiler through the injector, the boiler with the cylinder, and the cylinder with the receiver, and the whole arranged as herein described, for the purpose set forth."

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

KONRAD WILHELM JURISCH. JOHN HENRY LEWIS.

DR. WILHELM RUDOLPH PROELL. CARL JOSEPH SCHARDWSKY.

Witnesses as to signatures of Konrad Wilhelm J urisch and John Henry Lewis:

RoB'r. FAWCETT, WILLIAM PIERCE. Witnesses as to signatures of Dr. Wilhelm Rudolph Proell and Carl Joseph Scharowsky:

GUSTAV PREssPmcH, HERMANN RICHTER. 

